Frozen shoulder

Cause

The cause is not always known. Usually there is no direct cause and we speak of a primary frozen shoulder. When the frozen shoulder has an underlying cause such as trauma, surgery, bursitis, calcification,... we speak of a secondary frozen shoulder.

Symptoms

The following symptoms may occur:

• Pain (especially) in the upper arm. At first with sudden movements, eventually also at rest.
• Joint stiffening: the shoulder is less mobile.
• Nighttime pain and frequent waking.

Diagnosis

A diagnosis is made based on the pattern of symptoms and a clinical examination. Imaging cannot confirm, only identify a possible additional cause. Sometimes an X-ray or ultrasound is done to rule out other causes.

Treatment

Attempts are first made to resolve the problem by avoiding triggering activities and using anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) and painkillers. An effective way is to inject these anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids. This can be done up to three times. Physical therapy can also bring relief. Here, the joint is massaged and you are given exercises within your pain threshold. Surgery is rarely necessary.

Want to know more about your rehabilitation?

You can follow an orthopaedic rehabilitation program for this condition.

Orthopaedic rehabilitation